“During music, things happen. During music, life happens.” – Jo Anne Tait, MTA
Have you ever wished you could just lie in bed all day and listen to music? Can one single song change your entire mood, for better or worse? Do you think it’s possible to be cured with music alone?
In the recent years, general therapy has sky rocketed amongst patients as a means of alternative medicine. More and more doctors are prescribing therapy sessions before medicine, in hopes of helping the patient cure themselves before resorting to invasive treatments. In consequence, there are more and more students choosing the field of psychology as a major once they reach university. In New York City alone, there are almost 5,000 therapists with practicing degrees. And although most people would believe that therapy can only cure a patient with psychological issues, it has been proven that in conjunction with medicine, therapy can increase survival rates amongst patients with life threatening diseases such as autism and cancer.
With the increase in popularity, therapy has also branched out into many different categories. While the most well-known type of therapy would be the ‘psycho-analytic therapy,’ there are plenty of other specializations that are less well-known. One of these would be the “Expressive Therapy” which includes art therapy, dance therapy, and music therapy. These types of therapy focus on the creative expression and the tapping of the imagination. Through this a person can examine the body, feelings, emotions and his or her thought process with the assistance of the arts.
While the arts might be just a hobby to some of us, for other it takes on much more meaning. Dancing or playing an instrument can become a soothing experience instead of something one does on their free time. In this case, it becomes a much more important part of someone’s routine. Therapists have taken this idea and turned it into an international study and a new form of treatment. In collaboration with ‘talk-therapy’, therapists are now incorporating music and other forms of art into their sessions.
Music therapy uses the multi-facets of music – physical, emotional, mental, social, aesthetic, and spiritual- to enable the patient to relate and express their feelings, as well as maintain mental health. This type of therapy can help patients in various aspects of their lives (ex. cognitive functioning, motor skills, emotional and affective development, behavior and social skills) by using activities such as singing, songwriting, listening to and interpreting music, and dancing. The use of music therapy has been used with a wide spectrum of patients of all ethnicities and age, including patients with: AIDS, Autism, Cancer, depression, emotional trauma, hearing and speech impairments, mental and physical disabilities, as well as victims of abuse.
Although it has only become more known in the last decade, music therapy has been around since the 18th century, and evidence points to times where it was used in ancient civilizations in China and Greece as well. In the 17th century Robert Burton wrote in his work, The Anatomy of Melancholy, that “music and dance were critical in treating mental illness, especially melancholia.” While the impact of music has stayed relatively the same since the beginning, it’s uses have changed drastically in the last few decades. The United States began to develop music therapy after the World Wars as means to treat soldiers with traumatic war injuries. The ability to focus on the music enabled the soldiers to better deal with their pain and be distracted from their surroundings. Since then, numerous musical institutes have been founded, the first one being in 1950. A group of musical therapists began working with various patients notable among them were Fran Herman in Toronto, Ontario, Norma Sharpe in St. Thomas, Ontario, and Thérèse Pageau in Montreal, Québec. This eventually led to the birth of the National Association for Music Therapy (NAMT ). . In 1998, NAMT joined forces with another music therapy organization to become what is now known as the American Music Therapy Association (AMTA).
While this type of therapy becomes more and more popular, so does the demand for education. In order to become a musical therapist, a student must attain an undergraduate, masters or doctoral degree in music therapy. In the last few years, therapists will also need to earn the credential, MT-BC, Music Therapist-Board Certified, granted by The Certification Board for Music Therapists (CBMT) by passing the national board certification examination. In addition, it is necessary to be skilled in guitar, piano, voice, music theory, music history, reading music and improvisation.
When practicing music therapy, the goal is to use the music as a means to improve or maintain quality of life as well as encourage positive changes in the patient’s life. Each program is different based on a patient’s needs and goals that need to be attained. The sessions can be done one-on-one or in a group, such as in a hospital, rehabilitation centre, schools, nursing homes, halfway houses and correctional facilities.
Musical therapy has been test on various types of patients with various types of disorders. In patients with schizophrenia, music therapy added to their standard care had a better improvement rate than those without. In patients with depression, music therapy increased emotional stability due to the ability to relate to music and the personal connection made with lyrics. In patients with autism, they have the opportunity to experience non-threatening outside stimulation, as they don’t engage in direct human contact. In most cases, music therapy enables the patient to develop social skills and independent thinking and self-expression. Besides illnesses, music can also affect a persons behavior and socialization. In children, music can help with developmental skills as well as increase their self-esteem.
In various parts of the world, music therapy is also used outside of the conventional methods. Ragas work in music therapy because certain “sound waves, depending on the way they are listened to or pronounced, are identified for having an impact in the way the neurological (brain and nerve) system work in the human body. In the United Kingdom in 2009, Dr. Michael J. Crawford his team were researching the usefulness of improvisational music in helping patients with agitation and also those with dementia. In Africa, music is used to distract people from pain during rituals of circumcision, bone setting and bloodletting. While in the Western world, music is usually referred to for entertainment purposes, African cultures use music for retelling stories and sending messages.
While music continues to have significant impact on patients, it is surely on the rise to becoming one of the most sought-out treaments. Along with alternative medicines, musical therapy can provide us with a non-invasive way to heal ourselves and regain emotional control over our bodies. While it may not cure a disease, it will surely put a patient in a better state of mind to battle their illnesses. Music is very much a part of our lives. It is a powerful force that opens our minds and awakens our senses to human experiences.
“We’ve done a lot of research on music because music touches on almost all of the most complex mental functions that we are capable of. [Music] is incredibly complicated but we seem to be wired to do this. If you don’t have music you won’t die, but you won’t be happy.”
– Dr. Robert Zatorre, Neuro-scientist, Professor, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University
So the next time your mom comes in to tell you to turn down the volume, remind her you might be doing yourself a lot more good than she thinks.